Advertising and Behavior Control Essay - 805 Words

In the article â€Å"Advertising and Behavior Control† there were many arguments for and against advertising. The first and the biggest problem Robert L. Arrington has against advertising is â€Å"puffery.† The reason/reasons why Arrington has a problem with puffery is due to the fact that the seller makes exaggerated, or suggestive claims about a product. His overall argument on puffery is that it isn’t just â€Å"bragging† but it is bragging that is designed to persuade you to want the item or product being sold. The bragging goes so far as they convince the viewer (of the advertisement) they need the product. Puffery ultimately leads to manipulation, exploitation, and control over what people think of the product. Although Arrington has reasons†¦show more content†¦These are just a couple of the arguments for and against advertising, and Arrington continues with many more thought provoking and legitimate arguments. All in all, Arrington make s claims for and against advertising, and eventually comes to the conclusion that he does not know what is right. If advertising is indeed good or bad as he says on page 289 â€Å"I do not pretend to have the answer. I only hope that the above discussion, in showing some of the kinds of harm that can be done by advertising and by indicating the likely limits of this harm, will put us in a better position to grapple with the question.† In my own opinion I don’t think that advertising should be controlled anymore than it is now. My reason for thinking this way is because products are made to be sold and along with that products are also madeShow MoreRelatedTaking a Look at Manipulative Advertising773 Words   |  3 Pages​The meaning of advertising is the act or practice of calling public attention to ones product, service, need, etc(cited in Collins English Dictionary). It has various forms such as televisions, newspapers, magazines, radios, mobiles, books, mail boxes, and through the networks. Advertising has become a part of our daily lives, and it affects our way of life because advertisements are everywhere: in the streets, supermarkets, shops and malls. In fact, advertising is one of the most influentialRead MorePrivacy Issues Under Targeting Advertising1209 Words   |  5 PagesUnder Targeted Advertising Advertising has always been an important part of our society. The history of advertising can be traced to pre-modern history when it served an important purpose by allowing sellers to effectively compete with other merchants for the attention of clients in Ancient Egypt. From 1704 when the first newspaper advertisement was announced, it gradually grows into a major force in American society based primarily on newspapers and magazines (Ad Age Advertising Century, 1999)Read MoreThe Negative Effect Of Youth Health Essay1734 Words   |  7 Pagesis consumed by advertising. Everywhere we look, everywhere we go our eyes are continually be exposed to some form of advertising; televisions, media, magazines, bill boards and shops are some examples of places where we gather information from certain types of commercial advertising. Our lives are ruled by screens; it is inevitable that during our daily lives we are going to experience a sponsored ad, a TV commercial or a sexy, skinny model on the front of a mag. All these advertising elements mayRead MoreThe Ethics Of Persuasive Advertising1278 Words   |  6 PagesPersuasive Advertising Each day we are bombarded with advertisements from a plethora of corporations in every waking moment of our lives. Advertising agencies have become so advanced at what they do, that often times we may not even realize we are being advertised a product. This raises an interesting ethical dilemma over a certain type of advertising: persuasive advertising. Philosophers, economists, and business professionals have debated over whether or not persuasive advertising is an immoralRead MoreThe Social Media Consumers Health Essay1398 Words   |  6 PagesThe Social Media Consumers Health The social media industry’s fast development over the last decade has been changing prescription drugs advertising because most pharmaceutical companies are aware that many American consumers are regularly using social media platforms. For example, according to Kees et al. â€Å"Barely or Fairly Balancing Drug Risks? Content and Format Effects in Direct-To-Consumer Online Prescription Drug Promotions† 37% of Americans searched the internet for information on prescriptionRead MoreThe Canadian Philosopher Of Communication Theory1533 Words   |  7 PagesThe Canadian philosopher of communication theory, Marshall McLuhan, once said that â€Å"advertising is the greatest art form of the 20th century†. Indeed, we are exposed to numerous advertisements every day. They come at us in many different forms and ways through TV screens, billboards, magazines, web pages, door-to-door sales, and even radio. Advertisements are not fundamentally bad, but a lot of them use manipu lative tactic and tricks which influence us in ways we do not even realize. Even thoughRead MoreAdvertising And Its Affects On Children1090 Words   |  5 PagesAdvertising and its Affects on Children Advertising, for years, has been under criticism for the unethical messages they send out to, not only the public, but specifically young children. The effect of advertising on children’s minds is, and should be, a main concern for our country. According to Television Watching Statistics, kids in the U.S. watch an estimated 16,000 television commercials a year. Much deception can be cognitively consumed from that amount of advertising. Intense marketing affectsRead MoreThe Lack of Money Management Skills Among University Students1107 Words   |  4 Pagescompetence to demand for better financial services (2013). Students can’t avoid the fact that they have to independently manage their money, either from their sponsorship or from other resources. By having a good management skill on expenses behavior, can help customers control their budgeting. As for students, even they are students, their knowledge about expenses management is still lack, as stated by Chen and Volpe (1998), Students who lack financial knowledge have increased financial difficulties thatRead MoreEssay on Outline for Speech1256 Words   |  6 Pagesadults, but especially among youth. Thesis Statement: The main contributors to obesity among adults, but mostly among youth are environmental factors, lack of choosing nutritious meals, portion distortion and the factor that fuels all of these, advertising media. INTRODUCTION Attention Materials: What do you think when you see an overweight child? Do you blame the child for not getting enough physical activity or eating the right foods, or do you blame the parents for not properly monitoringRead More Why advertising is an ethical problem Essay1524 Words   |  7 Pages Why is advertising an ethical problem? †¢nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;If it is, it is because it is often intrusive, deceptive, or manipulative -- or, at least, this is what people say about it. †¢nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Another problem is the money and resources devoted to advertising; billions are spent each year (around $500 billion in fact) that, perhaps, could go to education, health care, research, reforestation, or other worthy causes. Well come back to this, but first we look at the

Psy305 Ethical Principles - 1361 Words

Ethical Principles Paper PSY/305 Name Date Instructor: Henrietta (Loretta) Pleasant, born in August of 1920 in Roanoke, VA, was an African American woman who was raised by her grandfather in a small cabin on a plantation. At the age of 14, she gave birth to her first child, a son, followed by a daughter four years later. She married the father of her children, her first cousin David Lacks, shortly thereafter. After having moved to Maryland for work, the couple had three other children. The last, Joseph, was born in November of 1950, and two months later, in January of 1951, Henrietta went to the hospital with abnormal bleeding. A malignant tumor of her cervix was discovered, and was treated with radiation therapy, which was†¦show more content†¦Consent In the two and a half decades of research that was done on HeLa cells from the 1950s through mid-1970s, no thought was given regarding the family of the woman whose cells were being utilized in such diverse ways. Then things changed, due in part to a discovery regarding the invasiveness of the cells and the presence of an enzyme which is only found in certain gene pools. Because scientists wished to study the genetics of the Lack family, they contacted members to ask for blood samples, whereupon it was revealed that Henrietta’s cells were alive and well and being used for the greater good of the scientific community. The family then began to make their own inquires about what had been done with the cells from Henrietta, which were harvested without her consent. This initial inquiry started a large controversy, evolving to the larger issues that we still have today over cervical and stem cell lines. The core ethical issue, in both the case of stem cell research and in the Henrietta Lacks case, is one of informed consent. Stem cells, particularly those for research purposes, are gathered from embryonic tissue, which begs the question; who gives consent? There are many who hesitate to advocate the use of stem cell research even today, and there are even more individuals who are strongly opposed to such research without the informed consent of the individual. The case of Henrietta Lacks raises questions about the use of genetic materials from a human

Storyboard free essay sample

A user can either describe the project in minute details, or can build a less-detailed storyboard and spend more effort in actually rendering the project. †¢ The method chosen depends upon the scope of a project, the size and style of the team, and whether the same people will do design and development. †¢ If the design team is separate from the development team, it is best to produce a detailed design first. 3 Designing a Multimedia Project Designing a multimedia project requires knowledge and skill with computers, talent in graphics, arts, video, and music, and the ability to conceptualize logical pathways. Designing involves thinking, choosing, making, and doing. 4 Designing a Multimedia Project †¢ Designing the structure. (flowchart) †¢ Designing the user interface. (storyboard) Designing the Structure †¢ The manner in which project material is organized has just as great an impact on the viewer as the content itself. †¢ Mapping the structure of a project should be done early in the planning phase. We will write a custom essay sample on Storyboard or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Designing the Structure †¢ Navigation maps are also known as site maps. †¢ They help organize the content and messages. †¢ Navigation maps provide a hierarchical table of contents and a chart of the logical flow of the interactive interface. †¢ Navigation maps are essentially nonlinear. 7 Designing the Structure There are four fundamental organizing structures: – Linear Users navigate sequentially, from one frame of information to another. 8 Designing the Structure – Hierarchical Users navigate along the branches of a tree structure that is shaped by the natural logic of the content. It is also called linear with branching. †¢ Non-linear Users navigate freely through the content, unbound by predetermined routes. 9 10 Designing the Structure †¢ Composite Users may navigate non-linearly, but are occasionally constrained to linear presentations. †¢ The navigation system should be designed in such a manner that viewers are given free choice. †¢ The architectural drawings for a multimedia project are storyboards and navigation maps. †¢ Storyboards are linked to navigation maps during the design process, and help to visualize the information architecture. A user can design their product using two types of structures: – Depth structure Represents the complete navigation map and describes all the links between all the components of the project. – Surface structure Represents the structures actually realized by a user while navigating the depth structure. Designing the Structure Hotspots: – Add interactivity to a multimedia project. – The three categories of hotspots are text, graphic, and icon. – The simplest hot spots on the Web are the text anchors that link a document to other documents. 13 14 Designing the Structure †¢ Hyperlinks A hotspot that connects a viewer to another part of the same document, a different document, or another Web site is called a hyperlink. †¢ Image maps Larger images that are sectioned into hot areas with associated links are called image maps. Designing the Structure †¢ Icons Icons are fundamental graphic objects symbolic of an activity or concept. †¢ Buttons A graphic image that is a hotspot is called a button. 15 16 Designing the Structure †¢ Plug-ins such as Flash, Shockwave, or JavaScripts enable users to create plain or animated buttons. Small JPEG or GIF images that are themselves anchor links can also serve as buttons on the Web.

Consumer Behavior and Social Responsibility for Human Rights

Question: Discuss about theConsumer Behavior and Social Responsibility for Human Rights. Answer: Introduction CSR or Corporate Social Responsibility is that particular concept which is concerned with the ways how enterprises at present addresses the needs and values of their customers and other stakeholders (Porter Kramer, 2019). Most of all, it covers business ethics, environmental problems, community relationships as well as human rights issues (welfare programs for the employees such as education or trainings on safety measures to be taken on workplace). It has eventually become one of the very important topics in business world as well as academic literature. The researchers have explained that CSR is highly responsible for influencing the financial performance of a company in positive ways. It supports the share prices of the firm, shores up the market values as well as provides competitive advantage to the same. At present, consumers not only expect from the businesses that they will conduct themselves in regards to ethics; but also to keep the products at a lower cost with the highes t level. Nepomuceno, Laroche and Richard (2014), have stated that the probability of purchasing a product increases when the consumers are given options for supporting social problems through purchasing those products. He found that in this way a firm can derive high benefits when the consumers and the other stakeholders perceive it to be a socially responsible. In context to publication of CSR focused research, there has been extensive growth in the developed countries, but in the developing nations, they have yet not investigated the affect of CSR so completely and inclusively. Chernev and Blair (2015) argued that though it is true that CSR is reaching its mature stage, but it is also a fact that the consumer response to the activities of CSR is not well researched. Their relationship is still debatable. This proposal discourses the evolving focuses as well as gaps in supplying a perfect view on the connection in amid these two i.e. CSR activities and consumer actions. This aims to explain the CSR relationships as the responses of the customers from the perspective of South Asia. It focuses on gaining a better and clearer insight view of behavioral insinuations in reaction to social ingenuities that are undertaken by the companies in current era. Problem statement Relationships between the CSR activities as well as customer retorts is arguable as either positive or negative. This proposal aims to give a clear view of their relationship. Not much research has been conducted within the developed nation on this perspective. Understanding of the hidden relationship between the CSR actions and consumer responses is very important for the economic expansion of the emerging countries. Aim and objectives The developing nations are more focused on the short-term rather than long-term therefore, in order to reduce the cost, they have still not made CSR a priority. Environmental and social crises are two of the biggest issues prevailing in these nations because of the weak government policies. Furthermore, they are also targeted by various MNCs (Multinational Companies) because of their available resources. With the same, most of the publications are focused on other factors like marketing and promotion of their products in order to lure customers. This research focuses on investigating whether the stature or reputations of the socially responsible companies have the potential to drag new customers towards themselves and whether it gives the customers the sense of demonstrating their responsibility while supporting a firm with high CSR. Research Questions The below mentioned questions will be addressed for this study: Does the purchase intentions of the customers are encouraged by the CSR activities of a company? What are the different elements of consumer behavior? What are the different elements of CSR? Theoretical framework The challenge for Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in developing countries is framed by a vision that was distilled in 2000 into the Millennium Development Goals- a world with less poverty, hunger and disease, greater survival prospects for mothers and their infants, educated children, equal opportunities for women, and a healthier environment (United Nations, 2006). Sadly, these hopes have still to be fulfilled in the developing nations. The corporations are yet not conscious about the effect of the CSR actions upon the attitudes of the customers and their purchasing behavior (Marquina Feldman Vasquez-Parraga, 2013). This research has proposed a link between the above discussed topic CSR and the actions of the customers. The prime motivation for firm to involve in the CSR activities to attract customers. The primary research questions for our study will be 1. How does the purchase intentions of the consumers are attracted by the CSR activities of a company? 2. What are the dif ferent elements of consumer behavior? 3. What are the different elements of CSR? Literature Review Numerous researches were conducted aiming analyzing the influences of the CSR in the behavior of the consumer in different places. According to Muhumed (2018), millions of dollars are kept aside by the banking industry (retail banks) for the CSR programs in order to strengthen their relations with the customers and stakeholders. A substantial amount of study has been handled in the trade banking sectors commitment to the Corporate Social Responsibility principles and their implications. In this era of high competition within the retail banks, the researchers are therefore now concentrated on finding out if the retail banks are promising sustainable business practice or not. The extreme vogue of microfinance amongst the several monetary institutions is because of the existing confidence that- the engagement in the microfinance programs will assist them greatly in retaining the credibility as development agencies. The business rewards that the CSR can provide is greater when social ini tiative are linked with a companys key competency and it is concerned with the problems that the consumers usually care about. According to Baumann-Pauly et al., (2013), the CSR has been related to large corporations and there are assumptions that the approaches of the CSR are grown for the large corporations. The speculation in the CSR enterprises is regarded as the source of competitive edge as well as a device for improving the financial performance. Notwithstanding, it is not clear whether the CSR initiatives can be used as a tool to attain the competitive advantage. Marquina Feldman and Vasquez-Parrage (2013) further stated that there is a great difference in the CSR initiatives of the institution as well as the characteristics of the other marketing mix. Research methodology Sample population About forty respondents in Peru, of age 15 to 50 years and having an income range of 150-1500 Rupees per day will be surveyed as the participants for this research. These respondents are the people who currently reside in Peru and have a good exposure to CSR activities or marketing and promotions of different products and services. Since, the research shall be direct; hence, an informed consent will be taken prior to the survey. In order to motivate them for participating, they will be provided with rewards and incentives. Research Philosophy Five types of research philosophy are considered in academic research. They include positivism, pragmatism, inter-pretivisim, post-positivism and realism (Silva, 2014). Positivism refers to the philosophy where the hidden facts and finding are identified through relevant observation. Pragmatism on the other hand, accepts all the doctrines that are available and it facilitate in conducting both the qualitative and quantitative analysis of data (Katz, 2015). While Interpretivism is usually used in the secondary analysis of data in which the journals are used to identify the relevant findings. Apparently, the post-positivism usually rejects all the assumptions that are made by positivism and it considers both daily and scientific approach. Lastly, Realism consists of both direct and critical realism in which the personal sense of the human beings is accepted by one and is rejected by another. However, in this study, the philosophy of positivism is chosen. Research Design A total of three in-depth interviews along with three focus groups shall be conducted at first for understanding the purchasing behavior of the consumer towards the corporations, which are incorporating CSR actions. It is to be assuming that the consumers who are earning not more than $1.46 a day are price sensitive and therefore, they are least bothered about the CSR activities of the firm. Hence, there shall be restrictions on the quantitative research sample to the customers belonging from the socio-economic classes. All the respondents will be approached personally in the interviews at Peru. They will be given materials, which will include small introduction regarding a hypothetical company, its services, produces, operations and some positive record of CSR activities. The respondents shall be free from asking any questions related to the company. A total of 20 valid interviews shall be conducted for the same. The constructs that are under consideration in this research are: Customer satisfaction Customer perception Corporate reputation Corporate brand/influence Customer purchasing Customer attitude Customer choice Research Materials A color pamphlet or leaflet of the hypothetical company, which consists of a basic introduction about the specific company and its different services and activities. The interview will require a total set of two pretested questionnaires for an in-depth group interview. Research approach This research shall be using exploratory approach to understand the statistics which is composed qualitative secondary data by using the academic journal article as well as the academic websites. It includes research which covers the barriers for the entrepreneurs to go global. It includes the opportunities and effort to get the important primary qualitative data through interviewing the entrepreneurs from the home country who opened brnches abroad. Data Collection methods This method of data collection is considered to be the technique of gathering and measuring the data over the directed variables in systematic ways (Papamitsious Economides, 2014). This method is divided in two sets, namely primary method and secondary method. The former method focuses on conducting several questionnaires, survey and interviews with small groups of people (Palinkas et al., 2015). On the other hand, the later one uses the past researches to collect data from the sources such as the peer-reviewed journal. In this research, the primary data collection will be taken into consideration by conducting a small group interview of about twenty valid interviewers. Letter of consent shall be provided to the participants and they will be collected three days before the interview. A profile of a particular company shall be presented prior to the dispersal of questionnaire to the participants. Protection of Human Rights Participants will be requested to affirm their accord five days before this interview day and they will be free to quit their participation from the survey at any while. These interviews shall be nameless and the confidentiality of the topic will be safe by any means. Each of the participants will be provided a copy of this survey after it is finished. Managerial Implications The involvements that are expected from the research are that consumers shall take the CSR actions positively and they will be engaged in the purchasing behavior accordingly. Higher marketing effort is expected in order to ensure that the customers will link the CSR campaign along with the products and services. The customers belonging from the low income groups are expected not to be conscious of the CSR activities and they do not ponder much about the same during their purchasing. Increase in the CSR activities shall be advantageous for the companies in such a competitive market (Homborg, Stierl Torsten, 2013). Limitations The questionnaires shall be designed on the pattern that will not disclose the name of any company. They will not particular to only single product line because this may not lead to clear results. This research paper shall put emphasis on the geographical areas of Peru. This paper will help to the emerging countries to supply a better comprehension of consumer viewpoint in Peru. References: Baumann-Pauly, D., Wickert, C., Spence, L. J., Scherer, A. G. (2013). Organizing corporate social responsibility in small and large firms: Size matters.Journal of Business Ethics,115(4), 693-705. Chernev, A., Blair, S. (2015). Doing well by doing good: The benevolent halo of corporate social responsibility.Journal of Consumer Research,41(6), 1412-1425. Homburg, C., Stierl, M., Bornemann, T. (2013). Corporate social responsibility in business-to-business markets: How organizational customers account for supplier corporate social responsibility engagement.Journal of Marketing,77(6), 54-72. Katz, J. (2015). A theory of qualitative methodology: The social system of analytic fieldwork.Mthod (e) s: African Review of Social Sciences Methodology,1(1-2), 131-146. Marquina Feldman, P., Vasquez-Parraga, A. Z. (2013). Consumer social responses to CSR initiatives versus corporate abilities.Journal of Consumer Marketing,30(2), 100-111. Marquina Feldman, P., Vasquez-Parraga, A. Z. (2013). Consumer social responses to CSR initiatives versus corporate abilities.Journal of Consumer Marketing,30(2), 100-111. Muhumed, Q. M. (2018). Corporate social responsibility strategies and competitive advantage of commercial banks in Kenya: Case of Equity Bank Kenya Limited.International Academic Journal of Human Resource and Business Administration,3(1), 27-51. Palinkas, L. A., Horwitz, S. M., Green, C. A., Wisdom, J. P., Duan, N., Hoagwood, K. (2015). Purposeful sampling for qualitative data collection and analysis in mixed method implementation research.Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research,42(5), 533-544. Papamitsiou, Z., Economides, A. A. (2014). Learning analytics and educational data mining in practice: A systematic literature review of empirical evidence.Journal of Educational Technology Society,17(4), 49. Porter, M. E., Kramer, M. R. (2019). Creating shared value. InManaging Sustainable Business(pp. 327-350). Springer, Dordrecht. Silva, T. (2014). On the philosophical bases of inquiry in second language writing: Metaphysics, inquiry paradigms, and the intellectual zeitgeist. InSecond language writing research(pp. 19-32). Routledge.

Argumentative Essay on How Sports Affects Grades free essay sample

The GAP Of boys who articulated on sports teams was higher compared to those who did not participate on sports. It is most likely like this because in sports, coaches make athletes pass all of their classes or they wont participate in the sport, which is a big downer. With that, most of the athletes have to do all their work on time, and if they dont they will not play. Most schools have programs where if you dont pass a class, you cant play a sport. By doing that most athletes need to pass so they improve their grades which increases their GAP.Most people think that sports isnt that important. But they fail to realize that it is essential for every one. Sports build leadership, confidence, and many things. It makes you stay in shape and makes athletes stay out of trouble. Participating in sports is really important for every young student in school. We will write a custom essay sample on Argumentative Essay on How Sports Affects Grades or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Most athletes dont look like those socks from movies and TV shows. Some of them are very bright and dont fall under sock. Sports keep athletes on check. If it wasnt for sports, most of the students would be getting into rubble and some may not have a future.Some in jail, or some even dead. Some would just be normal, every day people. But thanks to sports, those athletes dont have time to get into trouble, they have to worry about keeping up their grades so they can play next Friday night. And if they do get in trouble, the coaches punish them by doing trying work the whole practice. Athletes dream of going big. NFG, NAB ML are some most athletes would dream of being in. But getting into them, they have to be superior to every en else in the nation, in athleticism and academic success.They have to be superb athletes and they have to have a high GAP to go to college with a scholarship. Most of the athletes dont go big. They usually stop after high school, sometimes after college. After that many of them join minor leagues with locals. Sports change you. It sticks with you throughout your whole life. So according to studies, it is true that sports make most Of the athletes have greater academic achievement.

Free Essays on Notes On Fuhrerprinzip

Notes on Fuhrerprinzip Definition: This was a Nazi term referring to the creation of authority from above downward and of responsibility from below upward. It included a cult of the Fuhrer, (leader), which was based on pseudo-Germanic ideas of order, authority and hero-worship. All Nazi organizations became absolutely authoritarian in accordance with this principle. Adaptation to all Nazi Enterprises: A special characteristic of National Socialism was a religious veneration of the leader, a cult of the Fuhrer. This was based on pseudo - Germanic ideas of order, authority, and hero worship, placing the leader and his followers in a military relationship of dominance and obedience. After Hitler became the leader of the National Socialist party in July 1921, its organizational structure became thoroughly authoritarian and defined by this principle. The function of the leadership principle combined the political - charismatic idea, racial criteria, and the bureaucratic - authoritarian concepts of the totalitarian order. The structure of all Nazi organizations, economic enterprises, and social institutions was also adapted to the leadership principle. The principle went on to be implemented outside Germany through the Nazi war policy, with its programs of racial persecution, territorial expansion, and exploitation of "inferior" races. The manifestation of the leadership principle in the organization of political and social life was intended to create a perfect monolithic state governing the extension of power to the lower echelons. Paradoxically, however, in order to achieve the supervisory functions of the totalitarian regime, the machinery of both party and state had to be expanded. This expansion hindered the full implementation of the Fuhrerprinzip. The dramatisation of Fuhrerprinzip in the Nazi cinema, and how history films were used to propagate themes of anti-parliamentarianism and the concept of an individual leader of... Free Essays on Notes On Fuhrerprinzip Free Essays on Notes On Fuhrerprinzip Notes on Fuhrerprinzip Definition: This was a Nazi term referring to the creation of authority from above downward and of responsibility from below upward. It included a cult of the Fuhrer, (leader), which was based on pseudo-Germanic ideas of order, authority and hero-worship. All Nazi organizations became absolutely authoritarian in accordance with this principle. Adaptation to all Nazi Enterprises: A special characteristic of National Socialism was a religious veneration of the leader, a cult of the Fuhrer. This was based on pseudo - Germanic ideas of order, authority, and hero worship, placing the leader and his followers in a military relationship of dominance and obedience. After Hitler became the leader of the National Socialist party in July 1921, its organizational structure became thoroughly authoritarian and defined by this principle. The function of the leadership principle combined the political - charismatic idea, racial criteria, and the bureaucratic - authoritarian concepts of the totalitarian order. The structure of all Nazi organizations, economic enterprises, and social institutions was also adapted to the leadership principle. The principle went on to be implemented outside Germany through the Nazi war policy, with its programs of racial persecution, territorial expansion, and exploitation of "inferior" races. The manifestation of the leadership principle in the organization of political and social life was intended to create a perfect monolithic state governing the extension of power to the lower echelons. Paradoxically, however, in order to achieve the supervisory functions of the totalitarian regime, the machinery of both party and state had to be expanded. This expansion hindered the full implementation of the Fuhrerprinzip. The dramatisation of Fuhrerprinzip in the Nazi cinema, and how history films were used to propagate themes of anti-parliamentarianism and the concept of an individual leader of...

Is Sims Metal Management making the right strategic initiatives in the Dissertation

Is Sims Metal Management making the right strategic initiatives in the metal recycling industry - Dissertation Example The research was conducted using questionnaire method on the employees, which were 32 in all. The results reveals that the firm has not been practising CSR internally but tries making an external image of a good corporate firm. Moreover, the firm has been indulging in growth strategies with acquisitions, mergers and diversification. The employees also shed a light on how beneficial these strategic moves may be for the firm and whether the firm is taking care of its employees or not. Towards the end recommendations like, taking safety measures for employees, being informed about legislations in the global industry, forming an emergency unit, technological advancements and employee training has been given. Table of contents Chapter 1-Interduction 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Background 1 1.3 Purpose of the research 1 1.4 Research problem 2 1.5 Research methodology 2 1.6 Aims and Objectives 3 1.7 Layout of the report 3 1.8 Validity limits 4 Chapter 2-Literature Review 2.1Introduction 5 2.1I ndustry Overview 5 2.3 Sims Metal Management Metal Management 6 2.4 Competitive analysis 7 2.5 Demand for recyclable metal 8 2.6 International business management 9 2.7 Supply chain and metal recycling 9 2.8 Pestle analysis 11 2.8.1 Political/legal environment 11 2.8.1.1 Regulations 12 2.8.2 Social Environment 12 2.8.3 Economic environment 13 2.8.4 Economic risks involved 13 2.8.5 Ecological environment 14 2.8.5.1 Structured changes 14 2.8.6 Technological advancement 15 2.9 SWOT analysis 15 2.9.1. Strengths 15 2.9.1.2 Strong structure 15 2.9.1.3 Business development 16 2.9.2 Weakness 16 2.9.2.1 Insufficient safety measures 16 2.9.2.2 Ineffective management 17 2.9.2.3 Complicated legislations 17 2.9.3 Opportunities 17 2.9.3.1 New markets 17 2.9.3.2 New recycling units 18 2.9.3.3 environmental consciousness 18 2.9.3.4 Efficient processes 18 2.9.3.5 Incorporate technology 19 2.9.4 Threats 19 2.9.4.1 Industry threats and prices 19 2.9.4.2 Developing countries 20 2.9.4.3 The legislative barriers 20 Chapter 3- Methodology 21 3.1 Introduction 21 3.2 Research Paradigm 21 3.3 Questionnaire method 22 3.4 Sample 22 3.4.1 Sample selection 23 3.5 Questionnaire 24 3.6 Data analysis 24 3.7 Privacy of the subjects 24 3.7 Trustworthiness of the methodology used 25 3.8.1 Reliability 25 3.8.2 Validity 25 3.8.3 Ethical validity 26 3.8.4 Generalized validity 26 Chapter 4 Data analysis 27 4.1 Introduction 27 4.2 Internal environment of Sims Group UK 27 4.3 Is the firm growing in the right direction in the economic downturn? 33 4.4 Technological incorporation in the firm 35 Chapter 5-Conclusion and Recommendations 37 5.1 Conclusion 37 5.2 Recommendations 40 5.2.1 stringent safety standards 40 5.2.1 Emergency unit 40 5.2.2 Business strategies 40 5.2.3 growth strategies 41 5.2.4 employee training 41 5.2.5 Technological advancement 41 5.2.6 CSR 41 5.2.7 Legislative information 42 5.3 Limitations of the Research 42 Appendix 43 References 45 Chapter 1-Interduction 1.1 Introduction In cha pter 1, the author gives a detailed account of the research topic explaining why it was chosen. The background of the research is also given along with the reasons why the research was conducted. The methodology of the research has been given in detail along with the research paper layout. 1.2 Background According to Eddolls (2012), Sims Metal Management is an Australian based global concern that recycles metal. The firm has 42 recycling plants in

Love, Sex, and Lies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Love, Sex, and Lies - Essay Example However his selfish thrive towards the riches and the comfort gets him arrested and finally his tragic end. The second movie, An Affair to Remember narrates the story of Nickie Ferrant (played by Cary Grant) and Terry McKay (Deborah Kerr) who fall in love on a ship despite their individual engagements. It is a remake of the 1939’s movie Love Affair by McCarey. The movie was remade more than once. The story is about the union of the lovers despite Terry becoming disabled from an accident. Love, sex and lies play their role in both the movies and help in giving them a shape. In the melodramatic film A Place in the Sun, romance has a strong place especially while depicting the relationship between George and Angela. Initially he dates Al (Shelley Winters), a poor girl who works at the factory of his uncle, against the norms of the company. She is mesmerized by George and being inexperienced, falls in love with him. It is hard to determine who George actually loves because he is more drawn to the light promised by the wealth and luxury he traces in the life of his uncle and the hope of which he finds in his life with Angela, a socialite whom he meets during his outing with Al. However despite his actual intentions, some of the most intense scenes are shot between Angela and George. In one of the cases George says: â€Å"I love you. Ive loved you since the first moment I saw you. I guess maybe Ive even loved you before I saw you†. However it is Al who has fallen in love with George and when she gets pregnant forces him to marry her. Despite his sugg estion for abortion she is poised on her decision and threatens to reveal everything if he does not marry her. It is difficult to gauge whose love is for real because while one runs after money the other is even ready to inflict harm on her lover if he betrays. Angela is perhaps the one who loves George truly and manages to convince her father about their marriage. As the movie unravels one

Human Rights Act Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Human Rights Act - Essay Example The act came into place in 1998 and before that a person who had his right infringed had to go all the way to the European Court of Human Rights to file such a complaint whereby a commission had to consider everyone’s petition in order to determine whether the case is admissible. Most cases failed to go through at this stage. The commission upon admission of a petition would then ascertain the facts and consider whether a friendly statement would suffice and if a friendly statement did not work, the court would come up with a report that illustrated its findings. Individual applicants could also not demand a hearing (Woodhouse, 2001). The act has placed powers on courts to defend the rights of individuals. These rights are important because they form part of our everyday lives. The United Kingdom has now been bound by case law from the European court of Human Rights rather than precedent. The act has created an obligation on the British courts to take case law from the Europea n court of human rights into account and to interpret legislation in a way that is compatible with the convention on human rights. Initially there had been a conflict between the common law courts and the convention court. The courts have always upheld the common law principles and in doing so the courts came up with statutory interpretations (Rt Hon Lord Justice Elias, 2009). The European Convention on Human Rights is an international document and the European Courts of Human rights also applied their own principles in determining a case. This is whereby the convention courts made different interpretations from the British courts, An example of such a conflict is seen in the case of R (on the application of Marper) .vs. Chief Constable of Yorkshire [2004] 1 WLR 2196. Issue was whether the retention of DNA samples of people who had been arrested amounted to an infringement of rights under Article 8 read together with article 14 of the convention or not. The House of Lords ruled that there was no human rights infringement and the convention court held that there was an infringement of rights. The United Kingdom courts now have the power to undermine parliament. The act has influenced the process of policy formulation of the government firstly, through the process of making sure that there is compatibility with the convention rights. Secondly, through litigation whereby a particular policy may be changed or the method in which the policy is delivered could also be changed. Finally, there is the change that is made in behavior whereby the act requires that the behavior of public authorities should conform to convention rights (Department for Constitutional Affairs, 2008). The Human Rights Act provides a way of enforcing compatibility with convention rights. To begin the courts under Section 3 of the Human Rights Act provides that courts will construe legislation in a way that is compatible with the convention rights. A case that illustrates the effect which the a ct has had in the circumstances is that of A and others .vs. Home Secretary [2005] 2 AC 68, whereby the house of lords held that the Anti- Terrorism Act of 2001 was incompatible with article 14 of the Convention of Human Rights by requiring that foreign nationals be detained without trial and thereby it discriminated on ones nationality and even racial status.

Rate In Malaysia From Construction Industry Construction Essay

Rate In Malaysia From Construction Industry Construction Essay In 2009, fatality rate in Malaysia from construction industry is the highest compared to the other industries. Although it decreases in 2010, it still remains as the top industry that contributes the most in terms of fatality. Social Security Organization (SOCSO) has reported that the number of victims in construction industry until September 2012 is the upmost among the others with 48 victims followed by manufacturing with 30 victims. The factors of these occupational accidents are crystal clear. Safety issues are always considered secondary and take a back seat in construction. They do not emphasize on safety because they do not know how high the actual cost of accident is until it occurs. For instance, health and safety laws from the industry are regulated by themselves and that shows many employers gave less priority to the safe workplace concept. A safe workplace should be harmless and accident-free. However, it is not possible for them to follow this exact rule because of profit, cost, time and quality. Not only that, human factors especially poor ergonomics, manual handling of heavy loads, misuse or failure of equipment, exposure to general hazards, and inadequate safety training are all the roots of this accident. The construction industry is a high risk industry because there is a high risk of accident occurrence. The statistics show that accident rate at construction site in Malaysia is still high. Therefore, preventive measures must be taken to prevent any occupational accidents. This includes Cleaner Production (CP) as an initiative whereby it is defined as the continuous application of an integrated preventative environmental strategy to processes, products and services to increase efficiency and reduce risks to humans and the environment. Usually CP is implementing to minimize the rates of waste and emission generation. However, CP also can be used to improve safety and prevent accidents at construction site. Thus, the sole purpose of this research is to study the efficiency of Cleaner Production (CP) options in improving safety level at construction site and minimizing the occupational accident cases. To fit onto the safety purposes for construction industry, CP involves elimination of risky activities, minimized the accidents and improved the safety awareness among construction workers. 2.0 Problem Statement Every year starting from 2009 until October 2012, statistic from SOCSO shows that construction industry in Malaysia is the most dangerous place to work by seeing the number of fatality occurs during that period. To avoid this from continually happen, a method need to be invented to diminish this problem. Implementation of cleaner production concept seems to be reliable and effective in order to solve this problem. For this research, a study will be made to propose cleaner production option for improving safety and minimize accident occurring at construction sites. 3.0 Objectives The objectives of this research are : a) To determine the most frequent accident cases and evaluate risk level of construction activities throughout site visits. b) To propose suitable CP options which can reduce the risk level at construction site. 4.0 Scope of Research High rise building construction site will be choosing as a site visit for data collection. All data that will be evaluated in this report will be obtained from survey form and interview sessions. The main focus for this research is to implement cleaner production option to reduce risk level at construction site. Thus, any conclusion and recommendation that will be made from this research will be based on this two important thing. 5.0 Literature Review 5.1 Construction industry in Malaysia Construction industry is recognized as one of the main contributors for economic growth in Malaysia. Statistic from Department of Statistic (DOS) shows that construction sector in Malaysia posted a double digit growth in 2010 with 11.1% average annual growth of gross output compared to 2005. This growth comes along with the increase of total workforce engaged from 551,755 people in 2005 to 974,488 in 2010. This gives a clear picture of how fast this industry had developed. However, with this positive growth, there are negative feedbacks along with it. In 2010, according to Department of Safety and Health (DOSH), construction industry were in the leading chart of the most industry that contribute to death with 66 numbers of victims, followed by manufacturing industry with 59 victims. The same pattern followed in 2012 as construction industry contributes the most number of victims. Whatever the growth of this sector is, it remains the most dangerous industries to work in. Figure 5.1 : Occupational accidents by sector for the category of death (DOSH, year 2012) 5.2 Hazard at construction sites There are two main category of hazard in construction sites (A Hamid, MZA Majid, B Singh, 2008) : The risk of physical injury or physical injury hazard. Hazard that associated with process of works or equipment used and climatic condition such as scaffolds, power access equipment and manual handling, ladder, roof work, plant and machinery, excavation, etc. Can cause direct injury at site and if severe can cause of death. The risk of ill health or health hazard. Health hazard in construction work may be grouped under chemical, physical and biological hazard. Can be notified after long term of period and shall cause sickness or death after certain period of time. 5.3 Types of accident 5.4 Introducing of cleaner production 5.5 Implement cleaner production option for safety at construction site 5.6 The important of Cleaner production option 6.0 Methodology Data and information were gathered through literature review from various sources which include from journal papers, articles, thesis and website which are listed in the reference. From that study, a design of interview session and questionnaire will be made according to the study. A site visit at construction place will be held for data collection. The data will be analyzed and evaluate using a simple statistical method to show a clear picture of the data( data from survey form). From the analysis, new CP option will be propose to reduce risk level oreliminate the accident. A period of time will be given for the implementation of CP option proposes. The effectiveness of the propose option will be evaluate by comparing frequency of accident occur before the implement of CP option with after the implementation of CP option. Figure : Summary of research methodology 7.0 Work Plan Week No. Activity 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 1 Site visit data collection 1 week break 2 Data Analysis 3 Propose and Implementation of CP option 4 Data Analysis 6 Final report article writing 8.0 Limitations Cannot cover other place of construction site. So, just restricted only to one high rise building of construction site.

Coping with Change in My Kinsman, Major Molineux :: Kinsman Molineux

Coping with Change in My Kinsman, Major Molineux My Kinsman, Major Molineux is about Robin a young and sheltered youth. This story opens with Robin trying to find his kinsman Major Molineux. He approaches many people trying to find his kinsman. Of all the people he approaches none are helpful in locating his kinsman. Finally he gets an answer and finds his kinsman to have been tarred and feathered. This is a shock to him, however, he deals with that surprise and goes on with his life. This story is about change and coping with the fact that change is inevitable. The first man, that Robin asks about his kinsman, was gruff and unhelpful. Even though Robin asked the whereabouts of his kinsman in a polite way "Good evening to you honored sir, I pray you tell me whereabouts is the dwelling of my kinsman..." He received no answer from this man. Later in the story he meets with the same man again. At the second meeting Robin asserted himself differently and received an answer from the man. This time he was more confident "No, no, neighbor! No, no I am not the fool you take me for, nor do you pass till I have an answer to my question." This transformation in Robin shows that experience breeds change and that change is inevitable. This change in Robin can be paralleled to societies and governments. Drawing from change any sentient structure can learn that new measures are required in order to succeed. When Robin found his kinsman it was under less than desirable circumstances. Robin was in severe shock; "His knees shook and his hair bristled with a mixture of pity and terror." The crowd that followed his kinsman was overwhelming when it grasped Robin into it's clutches his shouts of laughter where the loudest there. This illustrates that each generation must make up its own mind on protocol for handling the situations that come its way. Each government and society must make new policies and rules for the unexpected situations that occur. Also the physical similarities between Robin and his kinsman show that change does not have to be a completely new beginning, but a "younger" way of looking at the world for that day's society, government or individual. At the very end Robin was getting ready to leave for his home in the country.

Patient Education Plan for an Epilepsy Case of a Hispanic Family Unit Essay

Patient education is best when viewed as a personal way of conducting interpersonal communication between two people: the teacher and the learner. The learning process follows a method that should be apt per case and per person, centering more on the side of the learner and the attached circumstances, context, and environment. For clinical teaching that is bound by dynamic interrelationships and interactions, successful teaching and learning requires understanding three things: the learner, the learner, and the learner. It is best to come up with a patient education plan that would suit the specific case for a successful processing of the teaching and learning methods. Main Body The case In a given case wherein a Hispanic family, having low social economic and education status, and one that speaks only the Spanish language, acquires an epilepsy case on one of the parents’ male child (about 10 years old), extensive teaching is primarily needed to educate the parents and the patient on how to take care of an epileptic person. With the obvious lack of knowledge on the child’s disease, it is very obvious that they need to learn what the illness is all about, how it affects the child, how it would affect the family, and what they can do to lighten the effects of the said illness. The strategy should be dependent on the given case†¦ taking note of the basic challenges, such as the family’s lack of knowledge on the disease, their rigidity in terms of language, culture, and education, as well as the state of the child being male of Hispanic culture. The basic goal should be for the parents (and the patient) to understand essentially what the illness is all about, or what they should do during the attacks. The strategy The patient education plan is composed of five basic steps that should be processed effectively: first is the assessment stage; second is the planning stage; third is the implementation stage; fourth is the checking stage; fifth and final is the evaluation stage. For the assessment stage, we calculate the communication level of the learners. Significant issues have something to do with the ability to read and write, to understand and to be mindful of the said event. It would also be good to measure the level of willingness or the readiness to learn, the overall acceptance, and the basic attitude that they have. These are detrimental in designing the strategy that should match the specific context and case. Most probably the case would reveal a not-very-willing attitude, lack of motivation and acceptance, and an approach that centers on privacy and confidentiality. They would most probably choose to tackle the issue in a more private and personal way, with a need to leave their faith and ego intact by revealing that their case is not very life-threatening or very severe. For the planning stage, we design the things that they would need to know, as based on the assessment of needs that was conducted on the learners. It is definite that the general information on epilepsy should be included in patient education. Yet, before focusing on the basic facts about the illness, there first has to be some lectures centered on the following issues: first, the need for willingness by explaining how the child badly needs their support; second, the readiness to learn by revealing the things that they can do in order to help the child; third, the overall acceptance by explaining the general facts about epilepsy; finally, a motivated outlook by revealing to them that people are willing to help them and their child in battling over the disease. Reflecting over the case, it would be harder to give lectures on Hispanic people without learning how to communicate with them effectively. It would be best to find a nurse or medical employee, who is Spanish-speaking, who has a heart to help people, and who speaks effectively so as to motivate the learners more easily. For the implementation stage, the information can be sent by means of lecture, handouts, discussion, or demonstration. However, because the issue includes methods of treating the child during convulsion attacks (e. g. , putting spoon in the mouth, holding or speaking calmly to the child), it would be best to use methods that are conducted in face-to-face education and training. It would be best to instigate the use of lectures, discussions, and demonstrations. It is important, however, to choose a speaker who would be able to convey the basic ideas effectively. It is not important whether the lecture finishes in a day, a week or a month. What is more important is that the learners are able to grasp their mission concerning the child, and that there is nothing new or unusual about their having a sick child. It would also be best to include only the parents during the lecture period because the general biological pattern of the illness might frighten the child. The child can be included, however, during the discussion period, when the subject is being tackled more lightly; and during the demonstration period, when the focus shifts to practical methods used in handling the child. The checking stage can be conducted weekly during meetings with the physician. It is important that the parents and the child develop a personal bond with both the physician and the nurse for best treatment of the case. As for the evaluation stage, this is done only temporarily after the processing of patient education. In truth, however, patient education should go on until the time that the patient is already cured of his or her illness. Conclusion To deal with patients is to deal in a personal way. Given the specific case, this would probably mean having to find ways that would financially help the family in dealing with the challenges. The lack of knowledge and education mean longer and more meticulous methods in implementing the strategy. Being of Hispanic culture, male children are being regarded as the very hope, future, and foundation of the family. In using targeted individualized patient information, we come up with a strategy that is more effective, suitable, and appropriate.

History Through Movies essays

History Through Movies essays The movie The Last Days focuses on five Shoah survivors, each one of them telling their story to the camera. These five survivors are named Congressmen Tom Lantos, Alice Lok Cahara, Renee Firestone, Bill Basch and Irene Zisblatt. Each one of them came to America after the war creating families, professions and occupations, they narrate there past. The first person viewed is congressmen Tom Lantos, the 10- times elected Congressmen from California and the only holocaust survivor in Congress, he is the only Budapest of the group, the son of Patrician parents, both killed in camps. Tom Lantos came to the United States in 1947 on a Hillel Scholarship. Zisblatt escaped the gas chamber only because the room was so full that the door could not be shut without first removing her, Basch came face to face with a Nazis pistol, forced to leave a friend behind or to be killed himself. The witnesses were all teenagers then who grew up fast now narrating their Holocaust horrors. Many of them beli eve that they were kept alive to tell their story. The film focuses on the last years of the war when the Nazis shifted their emphasis from winning the war to diverting immense resources to the final Solution an attempt to annihilate all of European Jews. The horror began, on March 19,1944, Hitler by now mistrustful of his ally invaded the country. In Hungary the selection and deportation process was carried out in a mere twelve weeks. It is a documentary about the final days of millions of Jews, which is known as the Holocaust. Spielberg put together lots of film file footage about the Holocaust. It is a horrifying, troubling, but ultimately uplifting documentary that tells the story of the Holocaust in the words of Jewish Hungarian survivors. The film begins with the survivors each one of them telling their personal stories. These are five apparently strong and healthy older people, each one of them ...

Understanding the Big Five Personality Traits

Understanding the Big Five Personality Traits Todays psychologists agree that personality can be described by five broad traits: openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism. Together, these traits make up the five-factor model of personality known as the Big Five. Key Takeaways: Big Five Personality Traits The Big Five personality traits are openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism.Each trait represents a continuum. Individuals can fall anywhere on the continuum for each trait.Evidence suggests that personality is highly stable during adulthood, although small changes may be possible. Origin of the Big Five Model The Big Five, as well as other models that specify human personality traits, arises from the lexical hypothesis, which was first proposed by Francis Galton in the 1800s. The lexical hypothesis states that every natural language contains all the personality descriptions that are relevant and important to the speakers of that language. In 1936, pioneering psychologist Gordon Allport and his colleague Henry Odbert explored this hypothesis by going through an unabridged English dictionary and creating a list of 18,000 words related to individual differences. Approximately 4,500 of those terms reflected personality traits. This sprawling set of terms gave psychologists interested in the lexical hypothesis a place to start, but it wasnt useful for research, so other scholars attempted to narrow the set of words down. Eventually, in the 1940s, Raymond Cattell and his colleagues used statistical methods to reduce the list to a set of only 16 traits. Several additional scholars analyzed Cattell’s work, including Donald Fiske in 1949, and they all came to a similar conclusion: the data contained a strong, stable set of five traits. However, it wasnt until the 1980s that the Big Five began to receive wider scholarly attention. Today, the Big Five is a ubiquitous part of psychology research, and psychologists largely agree that personality can be grouped into the five basic traits specified by the Big Five. The Big Five Traits Each Big Five trait represents a continuum. For example, the trait of extraversion’s opposite is introversion. Together, extraversion and introversion make up opposing ends of a spectrum for that Big Five trait. People can be very extraverted or very introverted, but most people will fall somewhere in between the extremes of the spectrum.   Its also important to remember that each trait of the Big Five is very broad, representing a cluster of many personality characteristics. These characteristics are more specific and granular than each of the five traits as a whole. Thus, each trait can be defined in general and also broken down into several facets. Openness to Experience If you possess high openness to experience, you are open to all the original and complex things life has to offer, both experientially and mentally. The opposite of openness to experience is close-mindedness. Individuals with this trait are usually: CuriousImaginativeArtisticInterested in many thingsExcitableUnconventional Conscientiousness Conscientiousness means having good impulse control, which enables individuals to fulfill tasks and meet goals. Conscientious behavior includes planning and organization, delaying gratification, avoiding compulsive action, and following cultural norms. The opposite of conscientiousness is lack of direction. Key facets of conscientiousness include: CompetenceOrder, or organizational skillsDutifulness, or a lack of carelessnessAchievement through hard workSelf-disciplineBeing deliberate and controlled Extraversion Extraverted individuals who draws their energy from their interactions with the social world. Extraverts are sociable, talkative, and outgoing. The opposite of extraversion is introversion. Extraverts are typically: GregariousAssertiveActiveExcitement-seekingEmotionally positive and enthusiasticWarm and outgoing Agreeableness The trait of agreeableness refers to a positive and altruistic orientation. This trait enables individuals to see the best in others, trust others, and behave prosocially. The opposite of agreeableness is antagonism. Agreeable people are often: Trusting and forgivingStraightforward and undemandingAltruisticAffable and amenableModestSympathetic to others Neuroticism Neuroticism refers to a tendency towards negative emotions and includes experiences like feeling anxious and depressed. The opposite of neuroticism is emotional stability. Key facets of neuroticism include: Anxiety and tensionAngry hostility and irritability,Depression,Self-consciousness and shyness,Being impulsive and moodyLack of self-confidence The acronym OCEAN is a handy device for the traits specified by the Big Five. Can Personality Be Changed? Personality traits tend to be highly stable during adulthood. While some gradual shifts in personality traits may be possible, these shifts are generally not drastic. In other words, if an individual is low on the trait of extraversion (meaning they are more introverted than extraverted), they are likely to stay that way, though they may become slightly more or less extraverted over time. This consistency is partially explained by genetics, which plays a significant role in the traits one develops. For example, one twin study showed that when the Big Five personality traits of identical and fraternal twins were assessed, the influence of genetics was 61% for openness to experience, 44% for conscientiousness, 53% for extraversion, and 41% for both agreeableness and neuroticism. Environment may indirectly reinforce inherited traits as well. For instance, in creating an environment that works with their own traits, parents also create an environment that works with their children’s traits. Similarly, as adults, people choose environments that reinforce and support their traits. The Big Five in Childhood Research on the Big Five has been criticized in the past for focusing primarily on adult personality development and ignoring the development of these traits in children. Yet, recent research has shown that children as young as five have the ability to describe their personality and that by six, children begin to show consistency and stability in the traits of conscientiousness, extraversion, and agreeableness. Two other studies showed that while the Big Five seems to manifest in children, childrens personalities may also include additional traits. One study of American adolescent boys found that in addition to the Big Five traits, participants also displayed two additional traits. The researchers labeled these as irritability  (negative affect that led to developmentally inappropriate behaviors like whining and tantrums) and activity (energy and physical activity). Another study of Dutch children of both sexes between the ages of 3 and 16 also found two additional personality traits. While one was similar to the activity trait found in the previously discussed study, the other, dependency (relying on others), was different. Age Differences in Personality Traits Research has suggested the Big Five traits evolve with age over the life span. In an analysis of 92 longitudinal studies that examined changes in personality traits from youth to old age, scholars found that people became more conscientious, less neurotic, and increase in social dominance, a facet of extraversion, as they get older. People also became more agreeable in old age. And while adolescents were more open to experience and demonstrated greater social vitality, another facet of extraversion, especially during the college years, people decreased in these traits during old age. Sources Allport, Gordon W. and Henry S. Odbert. â€Å"Trait-Names: A Psycho-Lexical Study.† Psychological Monographs, vol. 47, no. 1, 1936, pp. i-171. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0093360Cattell, Raymond B. â€Å"The description of Personality: Basic Traits Resolved Into Clusters.† Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, vol. 38, vol. 4, 1943, pp. 476-506. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0054116Costa, Paul T., and Robert R. McCrae. â€Å"The NEO-PI-R: Professional Manual.† Psychological Assessment Resources, 1992. sjdm.org/dmidi/NEO_PI-R.htmlDigman, John M. â€Å"Personality Structure: Emergence of the Five-Factor Model.† Annual Review of Psychology, vol. 41, 1990, pp. 417-440. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ps.41.020190.002221Fiske, Donald W. â€Å"Consistency of the Factorial Structures of Personality Ratings from Difference Sources.† Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, vol. 44, 1949, pp. 329-344. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/h0057198Jang, Kerry J., Jo hn Livesley, and Philip A. Vernon. â€Å"Heritability of the Big Five Personality Dimensions and Their Facets: A Twin Study.† Journal of Personality, vol. 64, no. 3, 1996, pp. 577-592. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.1996.tb00522.x John, Oliver P., Avshalom Caspi, Richard W. Robins, Terrie E. Moffitt, and Magda Stouthamer-Loeber. â€Å"The ‘Little Five’: Exploring The Nomological Network of the Five-Factor Model of Personality in Adolescent Boys. Child Development, vol. 65, 1994, pp. 160-178. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.1994.tb00742.xJohn, Oliver P., Laura P. Naumann, and Christopher J. Soto. â€Å"Paradigm Shift to the Integrative Big Five Trait Taxonomy: History, Measurement, and Conceptual Issues.† Handbook of Personality: Theory and Research, 3rd ed., edited by Oliver P. John, Richard W. Robins, and Lawrence A. Pervin, The Guilford Press, 2008, pp. 114-158.John, Oliver P. and Sanjay Srivastava. â€Å"The Big Five Trait Taxonomy: History, Measurement, and Theoretical Perspectives.† Handbook of Personality: Theory and Research, 2nd ed., edited by Lawrence A. Pervin, and Oliver P. John, The Guilford Press, 1999, pp. 102-138.McAdams, Dan P. â€Å"Can Personality Change? Leve ls of Stability and Growth In Personality Across the Life Span.† Can Personality Change? edited by Todd F. Heatherton and Joel L. Weinberger, American Psychological Association, 1994, pp. 299-313. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/10143-027 McAdams, Dan. The Person: An Introduction to the Science of Personality Psychology. 5th ed., Wiley, 2008.Measelle, Jeffrey R., Oliver P. John, Jennifer C. Ablow, Philip A. Cowan, and Carolyn P. Cowan. â€Å"Can Children Provide Coherent, Stable, and Valid Self-Reports on the Big Five Dimensions? A Longitudinal Study from Ages 5 to 7. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, vol. 89, 2005, pp. 90-106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0022-3514.89.1.90Roberts, Brent W., Kate E. Walton, and Wolfgang Viechtbauer. â€Å"Patterns of Mean-Level Change in Personality Traits Across the Life Course: A Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Studies.† Psychological Bulletin, vol. 132. No. 1, 2006, pp. 1-35.  Van Lieshout, Cornelis F. M. and Gerbert J. T. Haselager. â€Å"The Big Five Personality Factors in Q-Sort Descriptions of Children and Adolescents.† The Developing Structure of Temperament and Personality From Infancy to Adulthood, edited by Charles F. Halverson, Gedolph A. Kohnstamm, and Roy P. Martin, Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, 1994, pp. 293-318.

Consumers Perspectives of Mental Health Care Essay

Consumers Perspectives of Mental Health Care - Essay Example This is known as consumer participation and simply refers to participation of consumers (mental illness patients) in the formal or informal development of plans, models of delivery, implementation and appraisal of the entire realm of activities that form mental health care. What really are the benefits and limitations of consumer participation in provision of mental health care? This study seeks to provide the answers to this question and the approach undertaken will be a review of literature focusing on the perspectives of researchers, policy makers, nursing text and relevant consumer accounts. This will be followed by a summary of the findings which will inform the conclusion of the essay. Benefits and Disadvantages of Consumer participation in Mental Healthcare The best way to study this is to establish the perspectives of the various stakeholders in mental healthcare i.e. consumers, carers, researchers, policy makers and health professionals. Timimi (2011, p. 4) weighs the import ance of the psychotherapeutic model adopted by healthcare professionals in terms of positive outcomes and indicates that the outcome is not significantly related to the psychotherapeutic technique selected instead stating that a strong therapeutic alliance with the patient is of primary importance. This is evidence-based as opposed to traditional expertise that places primary importance on mental healthcare under the paradigms of making a diagnosis and implementing treatment. Of particular note is that both biomedical and psychological aspects (for instance use of antidepressants and cognitive behaviour therapy respectively) have been studied and found to bear similar improvements on patients and no significant differences in terms of outcomes regardless of the technique used. One such study involved groups of depression patients treated with CBT, Interpersonal Therapy, antidepressants and placebos and the results indicated significant improvements in all the cases and no significan t differences between the first three versus the placebo group. The underlining factor evidenced by this study was the quality of the relationship between the therapist and the patient as perceived by the patient in the early phases of treatment. The conclusions from such studies and meta-analyses is that the treatment is important in placing the consumer in a given psychological state that is important for their healing especially as evidenced by the fact that such treatments are efficacious across several conditions regardless of diagnosis. The important cross-cutting factor during treatment instead lies in the therapeutic alliance between the patient and the therapist. Hence a good relationship with the prescribing doctor is far more important for a positive response to the treatment implemented than just merely offering the drug (Timimi 2011, p. 5). This study importantly points us to the role of the patient in treatment and thus participation. Griffith and Jenkins (2004, pp. 41 -50) conducted a study to find out the perceived advantages and disadvantages of consumer participation in mental healthcare research and inferred a number of pros and cons based on the views of the various stakeholders. The general view across all groups was an agreement that consumer participation led to improved health outcomes and improved services to the patients. Involving consumers was found to result in consumer empowerment through acknowledgement of their expertise,

Artist critique Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Artist critique - Essay Example lasted for more than six centuries still exhumes realistic features of the early society with the artists portraying specific features of the painting thereby communicating as effective as he had fist anticipated. Renaissance refers to the period of rebirth; in culture and art, the period witnessed an increase in knowledge pioneered by some of the most realistic scientific inventions and religious realizations that have shaped the society to this date. Artists captured the social developments in their critical art works which helped portrays specific features of the society through the eyes of the artists. Italy has remained a strategic society in the development of both religion and scientific knowledge with most of Italian scholars and artists being among pioneers of the modern day knowledge. Piero della Francesca is therefore one of such artists who seek to portray features of the religion in the early Italian society. His works and type of painting influenced several others artists including Melozzo da Forlà ¬ and Fra Carnevale both of who were his fellow Italians. Piero della Francesca painted Saint Jerome and a Supplicant, in 1450 as his representation and criticism of the Christian faith that had spread to various parts of the continent. Religious art works were famous at the time as the Catholic Church sought to use such art to improve the reputation of the church. Most of such arts hung in churches and in homes of some of the leading figures in the church. The painting displays currently in New York museum of art. Still life is the subject matter in the painting, which adopts an abstract approach to art and the portrayal of the society in such works. The painter provides an abstract portrayal of the society developing a visible background, middle ground and fore ground in his image thereby communicating effectively through the painting. The activity in the painting centers on Saint Jerome, possibly a leader of the church at the time. The old frail man

Does the assumption and implementation of corporate social Essay

Does the assumption and implementation of corporate social responsibility makes businesses more successful - Essay Example It encompasses two broad views in general. The first one is that the companies share the wealth they create with either the society they operate in or other under privileged societies. The other is managing their activities in a more ethically and morally responsible way. It is the voluntary exceeding of the society's expectations of the business and it is agreed that it is majorly affected by how the company manages its core businesses. (Baker) Corporate Social responsibility is extremely important to a company's business. According to a survey by the Economist Intelligence Unit, Corporate responsibility is affecting the relationship between companies and their various stakeholders, such as investors, customers, vendors, suppliers, employees, communities and governments. (Doebele, 2005) Underlying principles The Corporate responsibility trend is being driven by a large number of factors. Companies which do not engage in social responsibility might be viewed as unethical as peoples t rust in large organizations is already waning. The rise in the corporate governance movement, globalization of businesses and the competition presented by rivals all contribute to a firms increasing interest in corporate responsibility. The benefits of corporate responsibility may prove never ending for an organization. ... They include environmental management, issues management and stake holder's management. There will be times when two or more of these management areas will be integrated to form one areas of concern. Foreg in 1994 BHP Billton's shareholders were concerned about the company causing environmental damage in Papua New Guinea. (Gail Thomas, 2006) There have been multiple arguments in favor of supporting corporate social responsibilities for businesses. It has been said that practicing a business enables many things in the society and businesses are dependent upon a healthy, well-developed and economically sound society for its proper functioning. Improved quality of life for employees and citizens should be one of the top priority for all ethical businesses and this is only fulfilled if they practice giving back to the society or caring capitalism as Niall Fitzgerland, chairman Unilever calls it. Since the main responsibility that the company owes is towards itself, the company has to ens ure that fulfilling responsibility is both beneficial to itself and the society, but ensures that the company survives in the long run. People in favor of corporate social responsibility clearly state that CSR enhances the view of the company in the eyes of the customers and generates a loyal customer base. Others state that fulfilling CSR also provides unmatched promotion and publicity for the company which is again very necessary for the success of the company. Last but not the least practicing social responsibility raises the morale and self esteem of the employees of the company and they feel good about the contributions and are more likely to work efficiently and develop into diligent workers. Boyle and Boguslaw (Boyle, 2007,

Developmental Psychology Essay Example for Free

Developmental Psychology Essay 1.1. Nature – nurture Nature refers to the inherited (genetic) characteristics and tendencies that influence development. It is the abilities that are present at birth, as well as any abilities determined by genes. On the other hand, nurture is the processes caused by our environment that influences our development. Everything is learned through our interactions with our environment and as a result of our experiences. In the past, hereditary and environmental factors were considered to be operating separately from each other. It was one or the other nature (hereditary) or nurture (environment). Today it is generally agreed that hereditary and environment are both important factors; development is a combination of both. Example: Average longevity is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. To increase your chances of a long life you need to come from a family with a history of individuals who lived to a ripe age (genetic factors). Environmental factors; such as diseases, toxins, lifestyle and social class are also important factors that influence longevity. A person who makes poor lifestyle choices and live in an impoverished area will decrease his/her chances of a long life. Therefore it can be said that both nature and nurture play a role in a person living to a ripe age. 1.2. Stability – change The stability versus change concept explores how much of ones behaviour is consistent and how much is changeable over a lifespan. Simply put, we can ask whether development is best characterized by stability (for example, does a behaviour or trait such as shyness stay stable in its expression over time?) or change (could a persons degree of shyness fluctuate across the life span?). Stability at a basic level is vital for us to recognize that we are still the same person as we grow older. But we also like to believe that our characteristics are not set in stone, that we can change ourselves if we want to. Psychoanalysts believe that personality traits developed in the first 5 years predict adult personality. Change theorists argue that personalities are modified by interactions with family, experiences at school, and acculturation. Example: Costa and McCrae (1994; 1997) have investigated whether the traits that make up the five-factor model remain stable across adulthood and came to the general conclusion that personality traits remain stable after age 30. If a 30 year old woman worried excessively about whether or not her husbands salary was enough to make mortgage payments, then she also is likely to be worried about having saved enough for her childrens college tuition when she is 45 and is likely to be worried about the adequacy of her husbands pension income at age 70. Since Costa and McCrae suggest that personality traits remain stable through adulthood a high degree of neuroticism, as reflected by a consistent and excessive level of anxiety and worry, is likely to persist and find new focal points over time. However, there is evidence that change can be found in personality trait development across the adult life span. Allemand et al. (2008) found that the way people differ in their personality becomes more pronounced with older age. Furthermore, other studies (Donnellan Lucas, 2008) found that extraversion and openness decrease with age whereas agreeableness increases with age (Blanchard-Fields Cavanaugh, 2011, p. 321). 1.3. Continuity – discontinuity The continuity versus discontinuity controversy deals with the question of whether development is a gradual, smooth progression from conception to death (continuity), or a series of distinct and abrupt shifts (discontinuity). Continuity focuses on quantitative changes in number or amount, such as changes in height and weight. Discontinuity focuses on qualitative changes in kind, structure, or organization. An example of continuity is: Infants who have satisfying emotional relationships with their parents typically become children with satisfying peer relationships. And they will eventually become adults with satisfying relationships with others. An example of discontinuity: After spending most of adulthood trying to ensure the success of the next generation and to leave a legacy, older adults turn to evaluating their own lives in search of closure and a sense that what they have accomplished has been meaningful. 1.4. Universal versus context-specific development This concerns whether or not there is one path of development or several. Example: David Schmitt and colleagues (2004) investigated whether one’s attachment style may have a major influence on how one forms romantic relationships. The results showed that 79% of the cultural groups studied demonstrated secure romantic attachments, but that North American cultures tended to be dismissive and East Asian cultures tended to be high on preoccupied romantic attachment. Overall, Schmitt and colleagues concluded that although the same attachment pattern holds across most cultures, no one pattern holds across all of them. East Asian cultures in particular tend to fit a pattern in which people report that others do not get as emotionally close as the respondent would like, and that respondents find it difficult to trust others or to depend on them.

the story of mel :: essays research papers

"do real programmers program in fortran?" Maybe they do now, in this decadent era of Lite beer, hand calculators and "user-friendly" software but back in the Good Old Days, when the term "software" sounded funny and Real Computers were made out of drums and vacuum tubes, Real Programmers wrote in machine code. Not Fortran. Not RATFOR. Not, even, assembly language. Machine Code.Raw, unadorned, inscrutable hexadecimal numbers. Directly. Lest a whole new generation of programmers grow up in ignorance of this glorious past, I feel duty-bound to describe, as best I can through the generation gap, how a Real Programmer wrote code. I'll call him Mel, because that was his name. I first met Mel when I went to work for Royal McBee Computer Corp., a now-defunct subsidiary of the typewriter company. The firm manufactured the LGP-30, a small, cheap (by the standards of the day) drum-memory computer, and had just started to manufacture the RPC-4000, a much-improved, bigger, better, faster -- drum-memory computer. Cores cost too much, and weren't here to stay, anyway. (That's why you haven't heard of the company, or the computer.) I had been hired to write a Fortran compiler for this new marvel and Mel was my guide to its wonders. Mel didn't approve of compilers. "If a program can't rewrite its own code," he asked, "what good is it?" Mel had written, in hexadecimal, the most popular computer program the company owned. It ran on the LGP-30 and played blackjack with potential customers at computer shows. Its effect was always dramatic. The LGP-30 booth was packed at every show, and the IBM salesmen stood around talking to each other. Whether or not this actually sold computers was a question we never discussed. Mel's job was to re-write the blackjack program for the RPC-4000. (Port? What does that mean?) The new computer had a one-plus-one addressing scheme, in which each machine instruction, in addition to the operation code and the address of the needed operand, had a second address that indicated where, on the revolving drum, the next instruction was located. In modern parlance, every single instruction was followed by a GO TO! Put *that* in Pascal's pipe and smoke it. Mel loved the RPC-4000 because he could optimize his code: that is, locate instructions on the drum so that just as one finished its job, the next would be just arriving at the "read head" and available for immediate execution. the story of mel :: essays research papers "do real programmers program in fortran?" Maybe they do now, in this decadent era of Lite beer, hand calculators and "user-friendly" software but back in the Good Old Days, when the term "software" sounded funny and Real Computers were made out of drums and vacuum tubes, Real Programmers wrote in machine code. Not Fortran. Not RATFOR. Not, even, assembly language. Machine Code.Raw, unadorned, inscrutable hexadecimal numbers. Directly. Lest a whole new generation of programmers grow up in ignorance of this glorious past, I feel duty-bound to describe, as best I can through the generation gap, how a Real Programmer wrote code. I'll call him Mel, because that was his name. I first met Mel when I went to work for Royal McBee Computer Corp., a now-defunct subsidiary of the typewriter company. The firm manufactured the LGP-30, a small, cheap (by the standards of the day) drum-memory computer, and had just started to manufacture the RPC-4000, a much-improved, bigger, better, faster -- drum-memory computer. Cores cost too much, and weren't here to stay, anyway. (That's why you haven't heard of the company, or the computer.) I had been hired to write a Fortran compiler for this new marvel and Mel was my guide to its wonders. Mel didn't approve of compilers. "If a program can't rewrite its own code," he asked, "what good is it?" Mel had written, in hexadecimal, the most popular computer program the company owned. It ran on the LGP-30 and played blackjack with potential customers at computer shows. Its effect was always dramatic. The LGP-30 booth was packed at every show, and the IBM salesmen stood around talking to each other. Whether or not this actually sold computers was a question we never discussed. Mel's job was to re-write the blackjack program for the RPC-4000. (Port? What does that mean?) The new computer had a one-plus-one addressing scheme, in which each machine instruction, in addition to the operation code and the address of the needed operand, had a second address that indicated where, on the revolving drum, the next instruction was located. In modern parlance, every single instruction was followed by a GO TO! Put *that* in Pascal's pipe and smoke it. Mel loved the RPC-4000 because he could optimize his code: that is, locate instructions on the drum so that just as one finished its job, the next would be just arriving at the "read head" and available for immediate execution.

Is it time now for a new social contract?

There are many suggestions for reform in government’s relationship to the economy. As I had hinted in my earlier discourse, many of my recommendations deal with eliminating government’s intervention in economic activity. Thus, there needs to be a creation of a free market economy, independent of government influence as a means to stimulate economic enterprise toward more productivity and to restore the economy to a strong position. However, given the long history of government involvement, it is highly unlikely that such action is possible.I guess it is time for a new social contract. It seems that the policies and practices in the employment of relationships in America are no longer responsive to the needs of today’s working families and society. There had been more emphasis on increased profits and productivity while the wages have remained the same, or worst, declined and stagnated for families. The irony is that people are working harder, but they do not belo ng among those who share in the gains from their efforts.Only a small percentage of the population is privileged to have that benefit, adding to the increasing inequality. The families are affected by these changes and one wonders what he can do in the face of these economic changes. The implicit social contract that encompasses work such as loyalty and hard work are not necessarily rewarded with fair and increasing wages. This has been blotted out by a norm where employers give center stage to stock price and even short-term gains, which are often at the expense of the workers who work hard daily.What we call the American Dream is usually the promise of riches and prosperity and a life that is well-lived.   This has been the ideal ever since that ensures one success in life so long as he is willing to sacrifice everything to work for it. It has been such an illusion for many. Thus the American dream has become a driving and motivating force for millions of people who flock to the â€Å"Land of the Free† because they want to escape the poverty in their countries.They think that their only option viable to them is to move to a country that promises them success, wealth, freedom from material prosperity.  Ã‚   However, even though this is oftentimes true for the people who really do work hard for the dream, the American Dream must not be promoted as it is. The reason here is because it shifts the focus from the true values that count in the family to the material wealth and greed that entices people to come work in a land of opportunities which may otherwise not turn out to be so (The American Dream).I remember Walt Whitman’s poem I Hear America Singing where there is the sense of each one seeking his own personal niche in the land of promises as seen in the following lines:â€Å"Each singing what belongs to him or her and to none else, The day what belongs to the day–at night the party of young fellows, robust, friendly, Singing with o pen mouths their strong melodious songs.†(I Hear America Singing).It almost captures that desire as one reads the entire work and is very descriptivethat the future belongs to the young and those who are open to opportunities. For the people who leave their country of origin, there is a substantial tradeoff for embracing the American Dream. Behind the veil of power and comparative material wealth that is promised to every individual, there is a significant loss that one must encounter. And that loss is the loss of traditional culture. In the essay by MSNBC columnist Eric Liu, he states that during one of his dinner meals at a friend’s house: â€Å"The more time I spent in their midst, the more I learned to be like them.To make their everyday idioms and idiosyncrasies familiar. To possess them.† This particular longing to assimilate all of the â€Å"everyday idioms and idiosyncrasies† of the American culture was brought about not by curiosity or a certain z eal for knowledge. This particular longing was fueled by negative emotions. This passion for learning the ropes of American culture was born out of the longing of the desire to fit in.The American Dream may be able to provide a person the necessary wealth that one could only dream about in his native country but it also takes away the immaterial liberties that come from being rooted in a different culture. This is what is seen in Tony Went to the Bodega But He Didn’t Buy Anything. Because the person sat at the doorway and saw people come and go, his being in that position depicted a life of leisure which one thinks could be achieved if he pursues the American Dream.One does not know that there is an illusion to this since one may never attain this goal by just going to a place and hoping that one’s station in life is guaranteed to be easy. The American Dream will always be a Utopian dream until people realize that material wealth is not the only path for success and ha ppiness. This is seen in the lines,Tony went to the bodega, But he didn’t buy anything: He sat by the doorway satisfied To watch la gente (people Island-brown as him). Crowd in and out, (Tony Went to the Bodega But He Didn’t Buy Anything).The American Dream promises people from all walks of life and all countries of origin that within this land, there is freedom from oppression, freedom from poverty and material wealth but for other people, it will only remain a dream for them. As Langston Hughes remarks, â€Å"I am the people, humble, hungry, mean–Hungry yet today despite the dream.†Ã‚   There have been casualties during this fight for the American Dream. Several people have risked leaving their homelands in search of a bright future in the United States yet there are millions today on relief and people are still being persecuted and discriminated.The land of the free is still a land of oppression and even though people would like to view it as a land of opportunity, it becomes more like a land of   deception and false hopes. Hughes ends his poem with both a revelation of what America has come to be as well an exhortation to the people to make America what is should have been. He says: â€Å"The mountains and the endless plain–All, all the stretch of these great green states–And make America again! (Hughes, 1938).Being optimistic about the dynamic forces of globalization and the practical applications of corporate social responsibilities sweeping multinational and large national organizations, I still believe that there is a balanced solution in multinational’s outsourcing of resources and less developed countries’ mutual advantage from this economic relationship. It is the primary duty of the national governments to uphold their sovereignty and protect their natural resources, especially their human resource or labor from being corrupted by foreign companies.They must uphold their constitution and by laws and promote more economic and bilateral policies to protect their people and resources at the same time harness their economic potential for the nation’s own advantage, growth and development.   They must dictate the terms for which their resources will be used, taking into consideration the growth and comparative advantage of their people and the extinction of their natural resources and habitat. The notion about hiring local managers and staff is preliminary. Of paramount importance is the question of how and in what terms they will allow the multinationals to exhaust their most important resources and capital.In effect, the dream that once tugged at people’s hearts never really existed in the first place. The dream that made people leave their homelands only remain a dream because there are people who still have not â€Å"made it† in America. There is something amiss in the ruckus that is about the American Dream. On one side, the American Dream remai ns a dream where the corruption and the apathy of people continues to prevent it from coming true while on the other side, the American Dream comes with too high a price. It asks for the individual’s culture, it torments the person and convinces him into thinking that if you do not assimilate the American culture, you will never make it.Given the importance of our work in our daily lives, our policies and institutions need to provide decent benefits and the opportunity to use one’s abilities to the maximum. Consistent with our nation’s democratic principles, all Americans must possess a freedom to voice out their opinions and be treated fairly. This just means that we value a balance between the interests of the employers and shareholders and the interests of the family.ReferencesThe American Dream. Retrieved Oct. 20, 2007 at:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/American_DreamI Hear America Singing by Walt Whitman.About.com Literature Classic.Retrieved Oct. 20, 2007 at: http://classiclit.about.com/library/bl-etexts/wwhitman/bl-ww-ihear.htmHughes, Langston. 1938. â€Å"Let America Be America Again.† Retrieved Oct. 20, 2007 at:  http://www.poetryconnection.net/poets/Langston_Hughes/2385Tony Went to the Bodega But He Didn’t Buy   Anything.  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Retrieved Oct. 20, 2007 at:http://www.gcsk12.net/speech_meet/speech_docs/Junior%20High%2005-06/dramatic%20poety/dramatic_poetry_43.pdf